| 张红,黄勇,宋浩冉,陈凝,王儒威,梅建鸣.铜陵市冬春季PM10和PM2.5中元素特征及来源分析[J].装备环境工程,2019,16(6):92-98. ZHANG Hong,HUANG Yong,SONG Hao-ran,CHEN Ning,WANG Ru-wei,MEI Jian-ming.Characteristics and Sources of Elements in PM10 and PM2.5 during Spring and Winter in Tongling City[J].Equipment Environmental Engineering,2019,16(6):92-98. |
| 铜陵市冬春季PM10和PM2.5中元素特征及来源分析 |
| Characteristics and Sources of Elements in PM10 and PM2.5 during Spring and Winter in Tongling City |
| 投稿时间：2019-03-14 修订日期：2019-06-25 |
| DOI：10.7643/ issn.1672-9242.2019.06.015 |
| 中文关键词: 大气颗粒物 元素 AQI |
| 英文关键词:atmospheric particulate matter element AQI |
| 基金项目:国家重点研发计划（2016YFC021900,2016YFC0201600）;安徽省重点研究和开发计划（1804a0802196） |
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| Author | Institution |
| ZHANG Hong | 1. Anhui Institute of Environment Science, Hefei 230071, China |
| HUANG Yong | 2. Anhui Key Lab of Atmospheric Science and Satellite Remote Sensing, Anhui Meteorology Institute, Hefei 230031, China; 3. Shouxian National Climate Observatory, Huainan 232200, China |
| SONG Hao-ran | 4. USTC Department of Earth and Space Science, Hefei 230026, China |
| CHEN Ning | 1. Anhui Institute of Environment Science, Hefei 230071, China |
| WANG Ru-wei | 4. USTC Department of Earth and Space Science, Hefei 230026, China |
| MEI Jian-ming | 5. Tongling Environment Observatory, Tongling 244000, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 了解铜陵市颗粒物中的元素特征和主要来源。方法 选择2014年冬季和春季的部分时段，在铜陵市国家环境空气监测站——新民污水处理厂（工业区）采集PM10和PM2.5样品，使用X射线荧光光谱（XRF）法进行元素的定量测试。采样期间，冬季的空气质量以良和中、轻度污染为主；春季以中度和重度污染天气为主，采样期间出现了明显的重污染。结果 PM2.5和PM10中S和Si元素的浓度均比其余元素高，P和Cu元素的浓度远低于其余元素。空气污染的指数越高，Fe、Mg、Al、Si则更易富集在PM10上，而K、Cu、Na、Cl、S元素更易富集在PM2.5上，Ca和P这两种元素在PM10和PM2.5上的富集程度相当。空气颗粒物中，富集最多的元素是K，其次为Fe和Mg；元素Cu、K、Cl在PM10中的富集程度要高于PM2.5。结论 扬尘（包括地面扬尘和建筑尘）是PM10的最大来源，其次是开采矿山和燃烧生物质，燃煤、炼铜等工企业排放贡献最小；对于PM2.5而言，最大的来源是风沙、扬尘和开采矿山，其次是燃煤、燃烧生物质和其他的工企业排放，炼铜的贡献最小。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| Objective To understand the characteristics and main sources of elements in particulate matters in Tongling City. Methods PM10 and PM2.5 were collected at the National Ambient Air Automatic Monitoring Station-Tongling Xinmin Sewage Treatment Plant (industrial zone) during the winter (January 25 to February 13) and spring (May 16-27) of 2014 to carry out quantitative test on the elements with XRF. During the sampling period, the air quality was mainly at level II or III in the winter, and level IV or V in the spring. There was apparent heavy pollution. Results Compared with the other elements, the concentrations of S and Si in PM2.5 and PM10 were higher, and the concentrations of P and Cu were much lower. With the different air quality index, the higher the air quality index was, the more concentrated elements were detected in a unit volume. K, Cl, Na, Cu and S were more likely to be enriched on PM2.5, while Fe, Al, Mg and Si were more likely to be enriched on PM10. The enrichment of Ca and P in the PM2.5 and PM10 were basically the same. The highest enriched element was K, followed by Mg and Fe, and the enrichment factors of K, Cl and Cu in PM10 were higher than those in PM2.5. Conclusion The dust (including ground dust and building dust) has the largest contribution to PM10, followed by mining and biomass burning, then coal combustion, copper smelting and other industrial enterprise emissions. While the largest contribution to PM2.5 was mainly brought by soil dust, construction dust, road dust and mining, followed by coal combustion, biomass burning and other industrial enterprises emissions, then copper smelting enterprise emissions. |
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