目的 提升防空炮弹的命中精度和拦截距离,增强末端防御能力,提出一种基于直接力控制的防空制导炮弹方案。方法 引入高精度的指令制导系统,通过脉冲火箭的直接力控制,实现对炮弹速度方向的实时调整,用于动态修正射击偏差,提升命中精度和有效射程。通过对该方案的数学建模与仿真分析,以及蒙特卡洛模拟打靶试验,验证指令制导+脉冲直接力控制方案的有效性。结果 与传统无控弹相比,单发命中概率极大提升,将无控弹的落点散布从20 m提升至有控弹的2 m;将拦截所需的弹目速度比（弹丸速度/目标速度）从1.5降至0.4,具备拦截高速目标的能力;拦截距离从2 km提升至4 km以上。结论 考虑到实际作战需求和成本效益,在设计过程中注重成熟技术的应用,具有较强的环境适应性和低成本特性。基于直接力控制技术的防空制导炮弹具有较强的应用价值。
Abstract
To improve the hit probability and interception range of air defense guided projectilesand enhance the terminal defense capability, the work aims to propose a new scheme for air defense guided projectiles based on direct force control. A high-precision command guidance system was introduced to adjust the velocity direction of the projectile in real-time through the direct force control of pulse rockets, which was used for dynamic correction of shooting errors and improvement of hitting accuracy. Through mathematical modeling, simulation analysis, as well as Monte Carlo target shooting experiments, the effectiveness of the command guidance system +direct force control of pulse was verified. Compared with traditional unguided projectiles, the 20-meter point spread of unguided projectileswas improved to 2 meters for guided projectiles, resulting in a significant increase in single-shot hit probability. The required ratio of bullet-to-target speed(bullet speed/target speed) for interception decreased from 1.5 to 0.4, enabling the ability to intercept high-speed targets. The interception range increased from 2 kilometers to more than 4 kilometers. Considering actual combat requirements and costeffectiveness, mature technologies were emphasized during the design process, making it highly adaptable to various environments and characterized by low cost. In summary, the technology of direct force control has strong application value in the field of air defense guided shells.
关键词
末端防御 /
制导炮弹 /
指令制导 /
直接力控制 /
预测制导 /
防空弹药
Key words
terminal defense /
guided projectiles /
command guidance /
direct force control /
predictive guidance /
air defense guided projectiles
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