目的 探究BL-60玄武岩纤维/7100环氧树脂复合材料在厦门湿热海洋大气环境的老化规律与性能演变,完善其海洋大气老化机理,为工程应用提供试验支撑。方法 以玄武岩纤维体积比45%~55%、铺层配比0/±45/90=64︰24︰12的BL-60复合材料为对象,制2种规格试样,按GJB 8893.2—2017开展2 a的自然暴露试验,采用SEM、电子天平和拉力试验机测试其宏微观形貌、吸湿率及弯曲强度。结果 试样随暴露时间老化加剧,2 a时表面树脂完全脱落、纤维裸露,纤维-树脂界面结合力大幅衰减。质量变化率先升后降,0.5 a达最大0.04%,2 a为-0.6%,系水分渗入与树脂老化共同作用。弯曲强度受基体/界面/纤维多机制竞争调控先降后增再微降,1 a降幅 8.68%,1.5 a反超原始值,2 a为590.3 MPa。结论 厦门湿热海洋大气环境引发该材料显著宏微观老化,吸湿与力学性能呈阶段性演变。材料暴露2 a后,弯曲强度仍超原始值,展现良好海洋服役潜力,切割面缺陷加速老化,树脂降解与界面失效是性能劣变核心原因。
Abstract
The work aims to investigate the aging rules and performance evolution of BL-60 basalt fiber/7100 epoxy resin composites in the humid and hot marine atmospheric environment of Xiamen, improve the aging mechanism of basalt composites in marine atmosphere, and provide experimental support for their engineering application. By taking BL-60 basalt fiber composites with a basalt fiber volume ratio of 45%-55% and a lay-up ratio of 0/±45/90=64:24:12 as the research object, samples of two specifications were prepared, and a 2-year natural exposure test was carried out in accordance with GJB 8893.2—2017. The macro-micro morphology, moisture absorption rate and flexural strength of the samples were tested by scanning electron microscope (SEM), electronic balance and universal testing machine. The aging of the samples intensified with the extension of exposure time. After 2 years, the resin fell off completely from the surface and the fibers were exposed, with a sharp attenuation of the bonding force between fiber and resin. The mass change rate firstly increased and then decreased, reaching a maximum of 0.04% at 0.5 years and dropping to -0.6% at 2 years, which was caused by the combined effect of water infiltration and resin aging. The flexural strength firstly decreased, then increased and slightly decreased again, with a decrease of 8.68% at 1 year, exceeding the original value at 1.5 years and reaching 590.3 MPa at 2 years, which was regulated by the multi-mechanism competition of matrix, interface and fiber. It is concluded that the humid and hot marine atmospheric environment of Xiamen causes significant macro-micro aging of the composite, and its moisture absorption and mechanical properties show phased evolution. The flexural strength of the material is still higher than the original value after 2 years of exposure, showing good service potential in the marine environment. Cut surface defects accelerate aging, and resin degradation and interface failure are the core causes of performance deterioration.
关键词
BL-60 /
海洋大气环境 /
自然暴露 /
老化特征 /
弯曲强度 /
质量变化率
Key words
BL-60 /
marine atmospheric environment /
natural exposure /
aging characterization /
flexural strength /
mass change rate
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.title}}
{{custom_sec.content}}
参考文献
[1] LIU Q, MA S Q, HAN X.Study on the Flexural Behavior of Poplar Beams Externally Strengthened by BFRP Strips[J]. Journal of Wood Science, 2020, 66(1): 40.
[2] ZHANG H, WANG L, BAI L Y, et al.Research on the Impact Response and Model of Hybrid Basalt-Macro Synthetic Polypropylene Fiber Reinforced Concrete[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2019, 204: 303-316.
[3] YU L C, LIU T, ZHENG J G, et al.Study on Freeze-Thaw Resistance of Basalt Fiber-Reinforced and Inorganic Curing Agent-Stabilized Shield Tunnel Muck[J]. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 2024, 36(10): 04024319.
[4] 朱德举, 初开丹, 郭帅成, 等. 基于海水海砂混凝土真实孔溶液浸泡环境下BFRP筋拉伸性能的退化[J]. 材料导报, 2024, 38(11): 136-143.
ZHU D J, CHU K D, GUO S C, et al.Tensile Properties Deterioration of BFRP Bars in Real Seawater Sea-Sand Concrete Pore Solution Immersion Environment[J]. Materials Reports, 2024, 38(11): 136-143.
[5] 华云涛, 尹世平, 王璐晨. 玄武岩纤维筋海水海砂混凝土梁承载性能及使用性能影响因素研究[J]. 建筑结构学报, 2021, 42(2): 166-177.
HUA Y T, YIN S P, WANG L C.Study on Influence Factors of Bearing Capacity and Serviceability of BFRP Reinforced Seawater and Sea-Sand Concrete Beams[J]. Journal of Building Structures, 2021, 42(2): 166-177.
[6] 张寒露, 曹京宜, 胡建海, 等. 短切玄武岩纤维增强环氧树脂复合涂层的制备及性能研究[J]. 表面技术, 2023, 52(5): 149-162.
ZHANG H L, CAO J Y, HU J H, et al.Preparation and Properties of Chopped Basalt Fiber Reinforced Epoxy Composite Coatings[J]. Surface Technology, 2023, 52(5): 149-162.
[7] 张延年, 卢禹先, 王广林, 等. 短切玄武岩纤维对混凝土力学性能的影响[J]. 混凝土, 2024(3): 82-86.
ZHANG Y N, LU Y X, WANG G L, et al.Effect of Chopped Basalt Fiber on Mechanical Properties of Concrete[J]. Concrete, 2024(3): 82-86.
[8] 朱德举, 黄伟, 郭帅成. 树脂涂层及海水浸泡对玄武岩纤维织物增强海水海砂混凝土力学性能的影响[J]. 复合材料学报, 2024, 41(8): 4211-4224.
ZHU D J, HUANG W, GUO S C.Effects of Resin Coating and Seawater Immersion on Mechanical Performance of Basalt Textile Reinforced Seawater Sea Sand Concrete[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2024, 41(8): 4211-4224.
[9] ALI S, LIU J X, ZHENG H A, et al.Durability of Basalt and Glass Fiber Composites under Extreme Environments[J]. Polymer Composites, 2025, 46(17): 15696-15709.
[10] 刘水, 汪昕, 孙振, 等. 模拟海洋环境下BFRP筋-钢筋混合配筋混凝土柱耐久性能[J]. 复合材料学报, 2022, 39(Suppl.1): 1-10.
LIU S, WANG X, SUN Z, et al.Durability of BFRP Bar-Steel Bar Hybrid Reinforced Concrete Columns in Simulated Marine Environment[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2022, 39(Suppl.1): 1-10.
[11] 臧德厚, 潘黎光. 玄武岩纤维复合材料应用研究进展[J]. 建筑材料学报, 2025, 28(3): 412-418.
ZANG D H, PAN L G.Research Progress on Application of Basalt Fiber Composites[J]. Journal of Building Materials, 2025, 28(3): 412-418.
[12] 刘云鹏, 张铭嘉, 于红, 等. 复合绝缘材料用连续玄武岩纤维老化特性及机理[J]. 高电压技术, 2024, 50(8): 3598-3606.
LIU Y P, ZHANG M J, YU H, et al.Aging Characteristics and Mechanism of Continuous Basalt Fibers Used in Composite Insulation Materials[J]. High Voltage Engineering, 2024, 50(8): 3598-3606.
[13] 洪晓东, 杨东旭, 邓恩燕. 改性玄武岩纤维增强环氧树脂复合材料的力学性能[J]. 工程塑料应用, 2013, 41(2): 20-24.
HONG X D, YANG D X, DENG E Y.Mechanical Properties of Basalt Fiber with Surface Modification Reinforced Epoxy Resin Composites[J]. Engineering Plastics Application, 2013, 41(2): 20-24.
[14] RAY B C.Temperature Effect during Humid Ageing on Interfaces of Glass and Carbon Fibers Reinforced Epoxy Composites[J]. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2006, 298(1): 111-117.
[15] 李福洲, 李贵超, 王浩明, 等. 酸/碱腐蚀对玄武岩纤维纱线特性的影响[J]. 材料导报, 2015, 29(2): 110-113.
LI F Z, LI G C, WANG H M, et al.Effect of Acid/Alkali Corrosion on Properties of Basalt Fiber Yarn[J]. Materials Review, 2015, 29(2): 110-113.
[16] 张先航, 李曙林, 常飞, 等. BA9916-Ⅱ/CCF300复合材料加筋板吸湿特性[J]. 航空材料学报, 2017, 37(5): 63-69.
ZHANG X H, LI S L, CHANG F, et al.BA9916-II/ CCF300 Composite Stiffened Plate Hygroscopic Characteristics[J]. Journal of Aeronautical Materials, 2017, 37(5): 63-69.
[17] 王登霞, 谢可勇, 刘俊聪, 等. 树脂基复合材料模拟海洋环境长期老化及失效行为[J]. 装备环境工程, 2023, 20(6): 64-74.
WANG D X, XIE K Y, LIU J C, et al.Long Term Aging and Failure Behaviors of Polymer Composites in Simulated Marine Environments[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering, 2023, 20(6): 64-74.
[18] WANG Q W, YAN T, DING L F.Effect of Seawater Environment on the Structure and Performance of Basalt Continuous Fiber[J]. Materials, 2021, 14(8): 1862.
[19] 谢荣斌, 薛静, 陈实, 等. 环氧树脂的湿热老化特性研究[J]. 绝缘材料, 2019, 52(6): 21-29.
XIE R B, XUE J, CHEN S, et al.Study on Hygrothermal Ageing Characteristics of Epoxy Resin[J]. Insulating Materials, 2019, 52(6): 21-29.
[20] 秦国锋, 秦旺招, 糜沛纹, 等. 复合材料在湿-热-载荷作用下的加速老化与自然老化研究综述[J]. 交通运输工程学报, 2024, 24(5): 173-194.
QIN G F, QIN W Z, MI P W, et al.Review on Accelerated Aging and Natural Aging Studies of Composites under Wet-Heat-Load Conditions[J]. Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering, 2024, 24(5): 173-194.
[21] THOMASON J L.Hydrothermal Ageing of Glass/Basalt Fiber Reinforced Vinyl Ester Composites: A Review[J]. Polymers, 2022, 14(17): 3480.
[22] 吴瑞, 李岩, 于涛. 不同种类纤维增强复合材料湿热老化性能对比[J]. 复合材料学报, 2022, 39(9): 4406-4419.
WU R, LI Y, YU T.Comparative Study on the Hygrothermal Durability of Different Fiber Reinforced Composites[J]. Acta Materiae Compositae Sinica, 2022, 39(9): 4406-4419.
[23] 冯翌浩, 王云英, 陈新文, 等. 纤维增强树脂基复合材料湿热老化行为的研究进展[J]. 南昌航空大学学报(自然科学版), 2022, 36(1): 41-52.
FENG Y H, WANG Y Y, CHEN X W, et al.Research Progress on Hygrothermal Aging Behavior of Fiber Reinforced Resin Matrix Composites[J]. Journal of Nanchang Hangkong University (Natural Sciences), 2022, 36(1): 41-52.
[24] 王清伟, 张林. 玄武岩纤维海水环境结构演变与力学性能退化[J]. 材料工程, 2023, 51(3): 121-129.
WANG Q W, ZHANG L.Structural Evolution and Mechanical Property Degradation of Basalt Fiber in Seawater Environment[J]. Journal of Materials Engineering, 2023, 51(3): 121-129.
基金
XX材料及构件典型自然环境效应研究（XXXX2020209B001）
PDF(2191 KB)
