目的 探究RT3电连接器在湿热海洋环境下的失效机理,为其环境适应性提升提供理论与试验依据。方法 依据军用试验标准,将RT3电连接器放置在万宁试验站近海岸棚下开展自然贮存试验,按周期取样测试其特性阻抗、插入损耗、近端串扰、远端串扰等关键参数。结合扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能谱分析仪（EDS）、聚焦离子束（FIB）、X射线衍射（XRD）等微观分析手段,分析电连接器的环境损伤演化规律与失效机制。结果 当电连接器在近海岸棚下自然贮存16个月时,近端串扰与远端串扰测试值超出技术指标阈值。当贮存35个月时,所有端口完全丧失导通性,电连接器发生整体失效。微观分析表明,信号端子金属镀层发生显著腐蚀,腐蚀产物在端子表面沉积,并造成污染,破坏了电连接器的正常电气传输特性,最终引发关键性能参数异常。结论 湿热海洋环境下RT3电连接器的失效原因为信号端子的腐蚀,腐蚀产物的附着与累积会严重影响电连接的信号传输性能,最终导致器件失效。本研究所得数据与结论可为电连接器在湿热海洋环境下的环境适应性设计、防护工艺优化提供重要数据支撑与理论参考。
Abstract
The work aims to investigate the failure mechanism of RT3 electrical connectors in hot and humid marine environments, and to provide theoretical and experimental basis for the improvement of their environmental worthiness. According to military test standards, RT3 electrical connectors were subject to natural storage tests under the shed near the coast of Wanning Test Site. Key electrical performance parameters such as characteristic impedance, insertion loss, near-end crosstalk and far-end crosstalk were tested periodically by sampling. Combined with microscopic analysis methods such as scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), focused ion beam (FIB) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), the environmental damage evolution law and failure essence of electrical connectors were analyzed. When the electrical connector was naturally stored under the shed near the coast for 16 months, the test values of near-end crosstalk and far-end crosstalk exceeded the threshold of technical indicators. When stored for 35 months, all ports completely lost conductivity, and the electrical connector suffered overall failure. Microscopic analysis showed that the metal coating of the signal terminal had significant corrosion, and the corrosion products deposited and polluted on the terminal surface, which destroyed the normal electrical transmission characteristics of the electrical connector and eventually caused abnormal key performance parameters. In conclusion, the core failure reason of RT3 electrical connectors in hot and humid marine environments is the corrosion degradation of signal terminals. The adhesion and accumulation of corrosion products will seriously affect the signal transmission performance of electrical connections and eventually lead to device failure. The data and conclusions obtained in this study can provide important data support and theoretical reference for the environmental worthiness design and protection process optimization of electrical connectors in hot and humid marine environments.
关键词
电连接器 /
湿热海洋环境 /
自然贮存 /
失效机理 /
腐蚀 /
环境适应性
Key words
electrical connectors /
hot and humid marine environments /
natural storage /
failure mechanism /
corrosion /
environment worthiness
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