目的 分析主要噪声源对战斗机驾驶舱舱内噪声的影响规律。方法 基于FE-SEA混合方法建立战斗机驾驶舱的噪声预计模型,基于仿真计算获得的驾驶舱表面声功率谱以及环控系统的出风口噪声功率谱,建立驾驶舱主要噪声源模型,在各噪声源单独激励下,分析其对驾驶舱舱内噪声的影响规律。结果 驾驶舱FE-SEA噪声预计模型在50 Hz~10 kHz频段内的总声压级预计误差为2.2 dB。在Ma=1.5超音速巡航工况下,附面层噪声是驾驶舱噪声的主要来源,附面层噪声激励下,舱内声场整体呈现宽频特性,噪声在中高频段内的声压级更高。在Ma=1.5超音速巡航工况下,发动机噪声对驾驶舱噪声的影响主要集中在50~250 Hz以及1 000 Hz~10 kHz,但在315~800 Hz频段内,发动机噪声对驾驶舱噪声的贡献较小。在Ma=1.5超音速巡航工况下,环控系统噪声对驾驶舱噪声的影响主要体现在315~5 000 Hz,在50~250 Hz频段贡献较小。结论 建立了战斗机驾驶舱FE-SEA噪声预计模型,包含结构子系统与声空腔子系统,以及附面层噪声、发动机噪声和环控系统噪声的噪声源模型,并且明确了各主要噪声源对驾驶舱舱内噪声的影响规律。
Abstract
The work aims to analyze the influence of major noise sources on the interior noise of a fighter cockpit. A hybrid FE-SEA (Finite Element-Statistical Energy Analysis) model was established to predict the noise levels inside the fighter cockpit. Based on the surface sound pressure power spectra obtained from simulations and the noise power spectra of the environmental control system (ECS) outlets, a model of the primary noise sources was developed. Under individual excitation by each noise source, the influence on the cockpit interior noise was analyzed. The total sound pressure level prediction error of the cockpit FE-SEA model within the frequency range of 50 Hz to 10 kHz was 2.2 dB. Under the supersonic cruise condition with Ma=1.5, boundary layer noise was the dominant source of cockpit noise; under boundary layer excitation, the interior acoustic field exhibited broadband characteristics, with higher sound pressure levels in the mid- to high-frequency ranges. Under the supersonic cruise condition with Ma=1.5, engine noise primarily affected cockpit noise in the frequency bands of 50-250 Hz and 1 000 Hz-10 kHz, but its contribution was relatively minor in the 315-800 Hz band. Under the supersonic cruise condition with Ma=1.5, ECS noise significantly influenced cockpit noise in the range of 315-5000 Hz, while its contribution was minimal in the 50 Hz~250 Hz band. The developed FE-SEA noise prediction model for the fighter cockpit includes structural subsystems, acoustic cavity subsystems, and noise source models for boundary layer noise, engine noise, and ECS noise, clearly identifying the contribution patterns of each major noise source to the cockpit interior noise.
关键词
战斗机驾驶舱 /
舱内噪声 /
FE-SEA混合方法 /
噪声源
Key words
fighter cockpit /
interior noise /
FE-SEA hybrid method /
noise source
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