目的 研究真实海洋环境下船底板架的受力状态和可靠度水平,并基于目标可靠度设计构件尺寸。方法 构建反映构件真实受力的屈服应力状态方程,将波浪弯矩和水动压力表示为与海浪环境相关的三参数表达式,采用一次二阶矩方法（FOSM）进行结构可靠度计算,对基于规范初定的构件尺寸进行可靠度校核,并基于目标可靠度指标,确定满足可靠度要求的构件尺寸。结果 基于规范确定的船底外板的可靠度明显高于船底骨材的可靠度,两者存在安全裕度不均衡的现象。为满足目标可靠度（一般取值为3.0）,外底板厚度可适当降低,而船底骨材的剖面模数应适当提高。结论 基于规范的传统设计在构件间存在安全度分配不均的问题,通过基于目标可靠度的反向推演方法,能够有效均衡各构件的安全水平,在保证结构整体安全性的同时实现材料的合理分配。
Abstract
The work aims to investigate the stress state and reliability level of the ship bottom frame in real marine environments, and design the component dimensions based on the target reliability. By constructing a yield stress state equation reflecting the true stress state of the components, the wave bending moment and hydrodynamic pressure were expressed as three-parameter expressions related to the sea wave environment. The First-Order Second-Moment (FOSM) method was adopted for structural reliability calculation to conduct a reliability check on the component dimensions initially determined by the rules, and the component dimensions satisfying the reliability requirements were determined based on the target reliability index. The reliability of the outer bottom plate determined based on the rules was significantly higher than that of the bottom stiffeners, revealing an imbalance in the safety margin between the two. To meet the target reliability (generally taken as 3.0), the thickness of the outer bottom plate could be appropriately reduced, while the section modulus of the bottom stiffeners should be appropriately increased. The traditional design based on the rules suffers from an uneven distribution of safety among components. Through the inverse deduction method based on the target reliability, the safety levels of various components can be effectively balanced, achieving a rational allocation of materials while ensuring the overall safety of the structure.
关键词
可靠度分析 /
一次二阶矩 /
应力状态方程 /
船底外板 /
船底骨材 /
目标可靠度
Key words
reliability method /
FOSM method /
stress state equation /
bottom shell plating /
bottom stiffener /
target reliability
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