目的 针对船用加筋板结构变形场重构中测点数量过多以及塑性变形阶段重构精度与效率不足的问题,以逆向有限元法（iFEM）为变形场重构方法,粒子群优化算法（PSO）为测点优化方法,提出变形场重构测点优化方法iFEM-PSO。方法 该方法在iFEM重构方法内引入Tikhonov正则化与动态局部坐标系更新策略,以抑制塑性变形引起的方程病态并跟踪几何大变形,提升变形场重构的稳定性。在PSO应变测点优化中,采用基于应变能幅值与梯度的粒子初始化策略替代了粒子随机初始化,以提高搜索效率。结果 通过3种加筋板结构的轴向压缩仿真验证,结果表明,测点数量缩减至单元总数的20%~28%,重构误差均控制在15%以内。结论 验证了iFEM-PSO方法对不同加筋形式与开口构型的适用性,为船舶结构变形场获取提供了高精度、少测点的技术方案。
Abstract
The work aims to propose a measurement point optimization method named iFEM-PSO, which integrates the inverse Finite Element Method (iFEM) with Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO)toaddress the issues of excessive sensor placement and insufficient reconstruction accuracy and efficiency during plastic deformation stages in the deformation field reconstruction of shipborne stiffened plates. In this method, Tikhonov regularization and a dynamic local coordinate system updating strategy wereintroduced into the iFEM reconstruction framework to suppress the ill-conditioned equations caused by plastic deformation and to track geometric large deformations, thereby enhancing the stability of deformation field reconstruction. In the PSO-based strain sensor optimization, a particle initialization strategy based on strain energy amplitude and gradient was adopted to replace random initialization, so as to improve search efficiency. Through axial compression simulations on three types of stiffened plate structures, the results showed that the number of sensors was reduced to 20%-28% of the total number of elements, while the reconstruction errors were all controlled within 15%. The applicability of the iFEM-PSO method to different stiffening configurations and cutout designs is validated, providing a technical solution for acquiring deformation fields of ship structures with high accuracy and few sensors.
关键词
逆向有限元法（iFEM） /
粒子群优化（PSO） /
加筋板 /
变形场重构 /
测点优化 /
塑性变形
Key words
inverse finite element method (iFEM) /
particle swarm optimization (PSO) /
stiffened plate /
deformation field reconstruction /
measurement point optimization /
plastic deformation
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