超高强度铝合金硬质阳极氧化工艺及其耐盐雾腐蚀行为研究

张海燕; 贾鹏翔; 杜东兴

doi:10.7643/issn.1672-9242.2025.08.002

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装备环境工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (8) : 14-23. DOI: 10.7643/issn.1672-9242.2025.08.002

专题——复杂环境轻武器应用与协同评估技术

超高强度铝合金硬质阳极氧化工艺及其耐盐雾腐蚀行为研究

张海燕¹, 贾鹏翔², 杜东兴^3,*

作者信息 +

Hard Anodizing Process of Super-high Strength Aluminum Alloy and Its Salt Spray Corrosion Resistance

ZHANG Haiyan¹, JIA Pengxiang², DU Dongxing^3,*

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的有效延长7A19超高强度铝合金结构件和装备于沿海腐蚀环境的服役寿命,探究此类铝合金硬质阳极氧化工艺及其在盐雾试验环境中的耐腐蚀行为。方法通过单因素实验法探究电流密度与氧化时间对膜层各项性能的影响规律,随后开展240、480 h盐雾环境试验,并利用电化学阻抗谱对不同盐雾腐蚀阶段的耐蚀性进行研究。结果硬质阳极氧化膜层的厚度、表面粗糙度随硬质氧化工艺的电流密度与氧化时间增加而增大,但氧化时间达到60 min会急剧降低膜层厚度的均匀性。膜层硬度与厚度整体呈正相关,但电流密度为1、2 A/dm²的氧化铝膜层硬度不符合国标硬度要求。盐雾腐蚀环境试验后,膜层的耐蚀性并不完全随膜层厚度的增厚而增强,膜层的孔洞直径、孔洞深度影响膜层封闭结构填充层与膜层致密性。除氧化时间为60 min的氧化铝膜层外,其余工艺参数条件下的膜层经盐雾480 h后,耐蚀性依旧良好,且无明显腐蚀产物。结论在本文硬质阳极氧化工艺参数范围条件下,形成的氧化膜可以明显延长7A19超高强度铝合金在盐雾加速腐蚀环境下的耐腐蚀性能。

Abstract

The work aims to effectively extend the service life of 7A19 ultra-high strength aluminum alloy structural components and equipment in coastal corrosive environments and investigate the corrosion behavior of hard-anodized films during salt spray testing. Single factor experiments were conducted to examine the effects of current density and oxidation time on film properties. Subsequently, 240 h and 480 h salt spray tests were performed, and corrosion resistance was evaluated using electro-chemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The results indicated that the thickness and roughness of the hard-anodized film increased with higher current density and longer oxidation time. However, oxidation times reaching 60 min severely compromised film uniformity. While film hardness generally exhibited a positive correlation with thickness, specimens anodized at 1 A/dm² and 2 A/dm² failed to meet the hardness requirements specified by the national standard. Following salt spray exposure, corrosion resistance did not increase monotonically with greater film thickness. The diameter and depth of pores significantly influenced the integrity of bonding between the chromium-rich sealing layer and the film. With the exception of films formed with a 60 min oxidation time, all other samples maintained good corrosion resistance after 480 h of salt spray exposure, exhibiting no significant corrosion products. The oxide film formed under the process parameter range of hard anodizing in this paper can significantly extend the corrosion resistance of 7A19 ultra-high strength aluminum alloy in the salt spray-accelerated corrosion environment.

导出引用

张海燕, 贾鹏翔, 杜东兴. 超高强度铝合金硬质阳极氧化工艺及其耐盐雾腐蚀行为研究[J]. 装备环境工程. 2025, 22(8): 14-23 https://doi.org/10.7643/issn.1672-9242.2025.08.002

ZHANG Haiyan, JIA Pengxiang, DU Dongxing. Hard Anodizing Process of Super-high Strength Aluminum Alloy and Its Salt Spray Corrosion Resistance[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering. 2025, 22(8): 14-23 https://doi.org/10.7643/issn.1672-9242.2025.08.002

中图分类号： TG172

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