目的 研究直升机橡胶和密封剂材料在高原高寒环境下的性能变化规律。方法 通过研究拉萨、漠河地区的环境因素,结合直升机结构特点,分析温度、湿度等因素的作用方式,确定低温、湿热、浸泡谱块组成,编制适用于直升机内部结构的高原高寒环境加速试验环境谱。选择5860橡胶和HM306密封剂,在拉萨和漠河分别进行1 a的自然暴露试验。采用加速试验环境谱,进行5周期的加速环境试验,并对试验件的表面形貌、硬度、拉伸强度、扯断伸长率、T形剥离强度进行测试。结果 5860和HM306经过自然环境暴露试验后,没有鼓泡、分层、粉化等老化现象,表面形貌基本没有变化,硬度、拉伸强度、扯断伸长率基本保持不变。经过5周期的加速环境试验后,5860和HM306的各项性能基本保持不变,或略有降低,但是降低的程度不大,表面形貌也基本没有变化。自然环境试验和实验室加速试验结果一致,所编制的加速试验环境谱与实际环境有良好的一致性。结论 5860橡胶和HM306在高原和高寒环境具有良好的环境适应性,可满足直升机的使用需求。
Abstract
The work aims to study the performance changes of helicopter rubber and sealant materials in high-altitude and cold environments. By studying the environmental factors in Lhasa and Mohe areas, combined with the structural characteristics of helicopters, the effects of temperature, humidity and other factors were analyzed. The composition of low-temperature, humid and hot, and immersion spectrum blocks was determined, and a high-altitude and cold environment accelerated testing environment spectrum suitable for the internal structure of helicopters was developed. 5860 rubber and HM306 sealant were selected to conduct a one-year natural exposure test in Lhasa and Mohe respectively; An accelerated environment test was conducted for 5 cycles using an accelerated testing environment spectrum. After the experiment, the surface morphology, hardness, tensile strength, elongation at break, and T-shaped peel strength of the test specimens were tested. After natural environment exposure tests, there were no aging phenomena such as bubbling, delamination, or powdering observed in 5860 and HM306. The surface morphology remained basically unchanged, and the hardness, tensile strength, and elongation at break remained basically unchanged; After 5 cycles of accelerated environmental testing, the performance of 5860 and HM306 remained basically unchanged or slightly decreased, but the degree of decrease was not significant, and the surface morphology also remained basically unchanged. The results of natural environment testing and laboratory accelerated testing were consistent, and the prepared accelerated testing environment spectrum had good consistency with the actual environment. In conclusion, 5860 rubber and HM306 have good environmental adaptability in high-altitude and cold environments, which can meet the needs of helicopter use.
关键词
直升机 /
非金属材料 /
高原高寒 /
加速试验环境谱 /
腐蚀 /
老化
Key words
helicopter /
non-metallic materials /
high-altitude and cold /
accelerated testing environment spectrum /
corrosion /
aging
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