Capacity Failure of High-silicon Anode Lithium-ion Battery and Its Application in New Energy Vehicles

OU Mei; LI Ning; MOU Yixuan; LENG Jin; WANG Qi; LI Yong

doi:10.7643/issn.1672-9242.2025.06.014

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Equipment Environmental Engineering ›› 2025, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (6) : 120-126. DOI: 10.7643/issn.1672-9242.2025.06.014

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Capacity Failure of High-silicon Anode Lithium-ion Battery and Its Application in New Energy Vehicles

OU Mei^1,2, LI Ning^1,*, MOU Yixuan², LENG Jin², WANG Qi², LI Yong²

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Abstract

The work aims to study the causes for capacity failure of lithium-ion batteries with high silicon content anodes and analyze their application in new energy vehicles. Comprehensive electrochemical testing and material characterization techniques were employed to analyze the capacity degradation mechanism of high-silicon anode lithium-ion batteries during cycling. Experimental results indicated that the significant capacity degradation was primarily attributed to structural changes in the anode material. During cycling, the high-silicon anode material underwent continuous volume expansion and contraction, leading to progressive thickening of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) film. This SEI film thickening not only intensified the side reactions between the electrode and electrolyte but also triggerred the fracturing of silicon particle crystal structure and material pulverization. The vicious growth of SEI is an urgent problem to be solved in the development of new silicon anode material. The commercial application of silicon anodes should focus on improving its structural stability and cycle life, which has a significant impact on the overall vehicle performance. Stable silicon anode material can effectively extend the battery life, thereby improving the range of electric vehicles, enhancing user experience, further promoting the acceptance and competitiveness of new energy vehicles in the market, and providing support for sustainable transportation.

Key words

lithium-ion battery / high-silicon anode / capacity failure / structural damage / solid electrolyte film / new energy vehicles

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OU Mei, LI Ning, MOU Yixuan, LENG Jin, WANG Qi, LI Yong. Capacity Failure of High-silicon Anode Lithium-ion Battery and Its Application in New Energy Vehicles[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering. 2025, 22(6): 120-126 https://doi.org/10.7643/issn.1672-9242.2025.06.014

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