Coupling Analysis of Strong Electromagnetic Interference in Electronic Safety Systems for Fuzes

LI Yiming; HUANG Xuegong; WANG Naiyao; ZHANG Zhian

doi:10.7643/issn.1672-9242.2026.04.001

PDF(18206 KB)

Equipment Environmental Engineering ›› 2026, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (4) : 1-10. DOI: 10.7643/issn.1672-9242.2026.04.001

Weapons Equipment

Coupling Analysis of Strong Electromagnetic Interference in Electronic Safety Systems for Fuzes

LI Yiming¹, HUANG Xuegong¹, WANG Naiyao², ZHANG Zhian¹

Author information +

History +

Abstract

To address the vulnerability of switching devices in electronic safety systems for fuzes to strong electromagnetic interference, the work aims to compare and analyze the impact of aperture gaps and connecting cables on interference coupling within the electronic safety system. A field-circuit co-simulation model was established for the fuze with the full-wave electromagnetic simulation software. Under external strong electromagnetic interference, the effects of fuze apertures and connecting cables on the electric field distribution within the fuze circuit board were investigated, with a specific focus on the coupling of voltage and voltage change rate (dv/dt) on switching devices, further proposing improvements for enhancing electromagnetic interference resistance. The coupled interference on the circuit board primarily concentrated at PCB edges and areas with high device density. In the scenario where only the aperture was present, the maximum coupled voltage on switching devices reached 0.15 V, accompanied by a dv/dt of 2 V/ns. When both the aperture and connecting cables existed simultaneously, the maximum coupled voltage on devices increased to 2.1 V, and the dv/dt rose to 500 V/ns. After the absorptive material was applied to the gaps and the original cables were replaced with shielded ones, the maximum coupled voltage on the switching devices decreased to 0.6 V, with the dv/dt dropping to 50 V/ns. Additionally, the areas of strong coupling on the PCB diminished, and the changes in the electric field became more gradual. The presence of gaps and connecting cables amplifies electromagnetic interference. Measures such as filling gaps with conductive adhesive and adding shielding layers to cables can limit interference coupling zones and enhance immunity, providing a basis for circuit layout design in electronic security systems.

Key words

electromagnetic interference / electronic safety system / simulation calculation / fuze / electromagnetic protection / electromagnetic shielding / false trigger

Cite this article

EndNote

Ris (Procite)

Bibtex

Download Citations

LI Yiming, HUANG Xuegong, WANG Naiyao, ZHANG Zhian. Coupling Analysis of Strong Electromagnetic Interference in Electronic Safety Systems for Fuzes[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering. 2026, 23(4): 1-10 https://doi.org/10.7643/issn.1672-9242.2026.04.001

References

[1] 张合. 引信的过去、现在与未来[J]. 探测与控制学报, 2023, 45(5): 1-6.
ZHANG H. The Past, Present and Future of Fuze[J]. Journal of Detection & Control, 2023, 45(5): 1-6.
[2] 张合, 戴可人. 先进引信技术的发展与展望[J]. 科学通报, 2023, 68(25): 3293-3310.
ZHANG H, DAI K R.Development and Prospect of Advanced Fuze Technology[J]. Chinese Science Bulletin, 2023, 68(25): 3293-3310.
[3] 霍丽宁, 王雨时. 用故障树分析法估计引信弹道炸概率[J]. 探测与控制学报, 2020, 42(6): 13-20.
HUO L N, WANG Y S.Fuze Ballistic Burst Estimation by Fault Tree Analysis[J]. Journal of Detection & Control, 2020, 42(6): 13-20.
[4] 汪柯, 施长军, 郭莎, 等. 云爆弹二次引信爆炸环境干扰因素分析及抗干扰设计研究[J]. 弹箭与制导学报, 2024, 44(6): 56-61.
WANG K, SHI C J, GUO S, et al.Analysis of Environmental Interference Factors and Anti-Interference Design Research for Secondary Fuze Detonation of Fuel-Air Explosive[J]. Journal of Projectiles, Rockets, Missiles and Guidance, 2024, 44(6): 56-61.
[5] 周尚武, 徐英, 周勇. 一种装备战场电磁兼容性综合评估方法[J]. 装备环境工程, 2017, 14(4): 16-20.
ZHOU S W, XU Y, ZHOU Y.A Method for Battlefield Electromagnetic Compatibility Evaluation of Equipment[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering, 2017, 14(4): 16-20.
[6] 赵红梅, 苏海斌, 王健. 战场电磁环境复杂度与战术通信性能的相关性研究[J]. 装备环境工程, 2018, 15(11): 113-117.
ZHAO H M, SU H B, WANG J.Correlation of Battle Electromagnetic Environment Complexity and Tactics Communication System Performance[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering, 2018, 15(11): 113-117.
[7] 张颖, 兰光武, 韩冬梅, 等. 电磁兼容技术在某武器系统设计中的应用[J]. 兵器装备工程学报, 2016, 37(12): 27-30.
ZHANG Y, LAN G W, HAN D M, et al.Application of Electromagnetic Compatibility in Weapon System Design[J]. Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering, 2016, 37(12): 27-30.
[8] 陈凯柏, 刘少华, 毕军建, 等. 毫米波近炸探测器超宽带电磁脉冲防护加固措施研究[J]. 装备环境工程, 2022, 19(11): 27-33.
CHEN K B, LIU S H, BI J J, et al.Protection and Reinforcement Measures of Ultra-Wideband Electromagnetic Pulse for Millimeter Wave Proximity Detector[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering, 2022, 19(11): 27-33.
[9] LI B, BAI W, YAN W, et al.Research on EMI Noise Suppression Method Based on Electromagnetic Shielding of Cabinet[J]. Global Journal of Researches in Engineering: F Electrical and Electronics Engineering, 2019, 19(2): 27-31.
[10] VAEZIKAKHKI S, SAEID MOSAVINEJAD S, BAHADORZADEH M.Study the Effect of Different Parameters and Improving the Shielding Effectiveness of a Metallic Enclosure with Extra Wall[J]. American Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2019, 3(2): 53.
[11] 王丽, 王哲, 宁国艳, 等. 木基导电电磁屏蔽材料的研究进展[J]. 材料导报, 2018, 32(13): 2320-2328.
WANG L, WANG Z, NING G Y, et al.Research Progress of Electromagnetic Shielding Wood-Based Conductive Materials[J]. Materials Review, 2018, 32(13): 2320-2328.
[12] 杨致远, 高大明, 宋彦平, 等. 铜@镍纳米线修饰柔性石墨烯薄膜及电磁屏蔽性能研究[J]. 表面技术, 2025, 54(20): 267-277.
YANG Z Y, GAO D M, SONG Y P, et al.Electromagnetic Shielding Performance of Flexible Laser-Induced Graphene Enhanced by Copper@Nickel Nanowires[J]. Surface Technology, 2025, 54(20): 267-277.
[13] 陈瑾, 李明, 彭志凌, 等. 强电磁干扰下全电子引信通信孔的可靠性分析[J]. 兵器装备工程学报, 2022, 43(8): 135-139.
CHEN J, LI M, PENG Z L, et al.Reliability Analysis of Communication Hole of Full Electronic Fuse under Strong Electromagnetic Interference[J]. Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering, 2022, 43(8): 135-139.
[14] 戚俊成, 高子博, 马博翔, 等. 强电磁干扰下引信体屏蔽效能特性[J]. 装备环境工程, 2024, 21(8): 9-16.
QI J C, GAO Z B, MA B X, et al.Shielding Efficiency Characteristics of Fuze under Strong Electromagnetic Interference[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering, 2024, 21(8): 9-16.
[15] 孙艳, 智小军, 刘杰, 等. 模块化组合构建滤波舱体改进引信电磁兼容性的方法[J]. 探测与控制学报, 2024, 46(4): 152-156.
SUN Y, ZHI X J, LIU J, et al.Modular Combination Filter Housing for Improving Fuze Electromagnetic Compatibility[J]. Journal of Detection & Control, 2024, 46(4): 152-156.
[16] 孙诚诚, 郭晋, 弯港, 等. 轨道炮引信电路不同布置方式的电磁特性仿真计算[J]. 强激光与粒子束, 2025, 37(11): 113003.
SUN C C, GUO J, WAN G, et al.Simulation on Electromagnetic Characteristics of Different Layout Methods of Railgun Ammunition Fuze Circuit Components[J]. High Power Laser and Particle Beams, 2025, 37(11): 113003.
[17] 文瑞虎, 栗苹, 黄峥, 等. 电磁轨道炮无线电引信综合电磁防护方法[J]. 兵工学报, 2024, 45(11): 3833-3840.
WEN R H, LI P, HUANG Z, et al.Comprehensive Electromagnetic Protection Method of Radio Fuze for Electromagnetic Railgun[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2024, 45(11): 3833-3840.
[18] 刘伟钊, 李蓉, 牛兰杰. 引信发火电路干扰耦合数字化仿真方法[J]. 探测与控制学报, 2023, 45(4): 70-75.
LIU W Z, LI R, NIU L J.Digital Simulation Method of Jamming Coupling in Digital Fuze Firing Circuit[J]. Journal of Detection & Control, 2023, 45(4): 70-75.
[19] 汪永斌, 郑松, 康兴国. 电子安全系统升压电路的传导电磁干扰建模方法[J]. 探测与控制学报, 2024, 46(1): 63-69.
WANG Y B, ZHENG S, KANG X G.Modeling and Quantification of Conducted Electromagnetic Interference in Boost Circuits for Electronic Safety Systems[J]. Journal of Detection & Control, 2024, 46(1): 63-69.
[20] 张合. 灵巧引信用三元级联控制方法研究[J]. 中国科学(技术科学), 2023, 53(9): 1449-1464.
ZHANG H.“Three-Element” Cascade Control Method of a Smart Fuze[J]. SCIENTIA SINICA Technologica, 2023, 53(9): 1449-1464.
[21] 中央军委装备发展部. 引信安全性设计准则: GJB 373B-2019[S]. 北京: 国家军用标准出版发行部, 2019: 1-26.
Equipment Development Department of the Central Military Commission. Fuze Safety Design Criteria: GJB 373B-2019[S]. Beijing: National Military Standards Publishing and Distribution Department, 2019:1-26.
[22] 国家国防科技工业局. 军用设备和分系统电磁发射和敏感度要求与测量: GJB 151C—2024[S]. 北京: 国防工业出版社, 2024: 1-32.
State Administration for Science, Technology and Industry for National Defense. Military Equipment and Subsystems-Requirements and Measurements for Electromagnetic Emission and Susceptibility: GJB 151C-2024 [S]. Beijing: National Defense Industry Press, 2024: 1-32.
[23] International Electrotechnical Commission.Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC)-Part 2: Environment - Section 9: Description of HEMP environment-Radiated disturbance: IEC 61000-2-9:2025[S]. Geneva: International Electrotechnical Commission, 2025: 1-28.
[24] YU D P, HUANG X G, XU P Z.Research on Explosive Electromagnetic Field Interference Analysis Based on Field-Circuit Cooperated Modeling and Simulation[J]. Journal of Computational Electronics, 2024, 23(2): 330-340.
[25] 于丹平. 爆炸电磁脉冲对电子电路的干扰研究[D]. 南京: 南京理工大学, 2024.
YU D P.Study on the Interference of Explosive Electromagnetic Pulse to Electronic Circuit[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 2024.
[26] 杨洁, 王彪, 王平平. ESD作用下晶闸管dv/dt触发导通规律研究[J]. 电波科学学报, 2019, 34(4): 512-517.
YANG J, WANG B, WANG P P.Conducting Rules of the Thyristors Triggered by dV/Dt under the ESD Conditions[J]. Chinese Journal of Radio Science, 2019, 34(4): 512-517.
[27] 杨洁, 王彪, 王书平, 等. 无线电引信电磁辐射能量耦合路径研究[J]. 装备环境工程, 2017, 14(4): 21-25.
YANG J, WANG B, WANG S P, et al.Energy Coupling Path of Radio Fuze under the Electromagnetic Radiation Conditions[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering, 2017, 14(4): 21-25.