Review on Water Management of Marine Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells in Complex Environments

GUI Wenbin; GUO Qingchang; MA Liran; LUO Jianbin

doi:10.7643/issn.1672-9242.2026.07.018

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Equipment Environmental Engineering ›› 2026, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (7) : 181-203. DOI: 10.7643/issn.1672-9242.2026.07.018

Ships and Marine Engineering Equipment

Review on Water Management of Marine Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells in Complex Environments

GUI Wenbin^1a,2, GUO Qingchang^1a,1b,*, MA Liran^1a, LUO Jianbin^1a

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Abstract

This paper systematically reviews the research progress of marine PEMFC water management under complex working conditions, elucidates the cross-scale gas-liquid two-phase transport mechanisms under multiple physical excitations, such as vibration and gravity, and reviews visualization characterization techniques, including neutron imaging and X-ray imaging. In addition, passive water management strategies based on material and flow-field optimization are briefly summarized. On this basis, active water management control methods for dynamic load variations and cold starts are summarized, elucidating their significant value in environmental worthiness evaluation. To precisely identify abnormal states, the research status of fault diagnosis technologies, including spanning signal analysis, distributed sensing, mechanistic models, and data-driven methods, are systematically categorized to provide theoretical support and technical reference for the development of durable marine PEMFC systems with high environmental worthiness.

Key words

proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) / water management / gas-liquid two-phase transport / neutron imaging / low-temperature cold start / fault diagnosis

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GUI Wenbin, GUO Qingchang, MA Liran, LUO Jianbin. Review on Water Management of Marine Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells in Complex Environments[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering. 2026, 23(7): 181-203 https://doi.org/10.7643/issn.1672-9242.2026.07.018

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