Mechanical Property Testing of T800 Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites and Fracture Energy Deduction

ZHANG Lingge; MA Hongyang; SUN Shili; FENG Guoqing; REN Huilong

doi:10.7643/issn.1672-9242.2026.08.000

PDF(6161 KB)

Equipment Environmental Engineering ›› 2026, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (8) : 134-143. DOI: 10.7643/issn.1672-9242.2026.08.000

Ships and Marine Engineering Equipment

Mechanical Property Testing of T800 Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites and Fracture Energy Deduction

ZHANG Lingge, MA Hongyang^*, SUN Shili, FENG Guoqing, REN Huilong

Author information +

History +

Abstract

The work aims to propose a fracture energy determination method based on mechanical test data to deal with the lack of fracture energy parameter standards for composites under the 2D-Hashin failure criterion. Mechanical tests on longitudinal tension, longitudinal compression, transverse tension, and transverse compression tests were conducted on T800 carbon fiber composite to obtain the stress-strain curves of the material under different loading states. Combined with the brittle failure characteristics of the material, bilinear equivalent processing was conducted on the test curves. The equivalent fracture energy parameters under the corresponding failure modes were characterized by the area enclosed by the bilinear curves. The obtained fracture energy parameters were introduced into a finite element model as damage evolution parameters for progressive damage analysis, and were compared and verified with the test results. The predicted damage initiation locations and failure modes agreed well with the experimental observations. The errors in ultimate load predictions were within 8% for all loading cases. The proposed method enables the determination of damage evolution parameters for the 2D-Hashin failure criterion using conventional mechanical test data. The numerical simulation results have a good consistency with the test results, which can provide a reference for progressive damage analysis and strength prediction of composite structures.

Key words

T800 carbon fiber / fracture energy / mechanical testing / ultimate load-carrying capacity / Hashin failure criterion

Cite this article

EndNote

Ris (Procite)

Bibtex

Download Citations

ZHANG Lingge, MA Hongyang, SUN Shili, FENG Guoqing, REN Huilong. Mechanical Property Testing of T800 Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composites and Fracture Energy Deduction[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering. 2026, 23(8): 134-143 https://doi.org/10.7643/issn.1672-9242.2026.08.000

References

[1] JARRETT W, JEFFS S P, KORKEES F, et al.The Opportunities and Challenges of Hybrid Composite Driveshafts and Their Couplings in the Aerospace Industry: A Review[J]. Composite Structures, 2023, 320: 117203.
[2] MONALDO E, NERILLI F, VAIRO G.Basalt-Based Fiber-Reinforced Materials and Structural Applications in Civil Engineering[J]. Composite Structures, 2019, 214: 246-263.
[3] VELEA M N, WENNHAGE P, ZENKERT D.Multi-Objective Optimisation of Vehicle Bodies Made of FRP Sandwich Structures[J]. Composite Structures, 2014, 111: 75-84.
[4] RAHUL K, YUDHANTO A, RAVINDRANATH P K, et al.Progressive Damage Modeling in Open Hole Composite Laminates with Ultrasound-Informed Drilling-Induced Delamination[J]. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2024, 184: 108262.
[5] DIVSE V, MARLA D, JOSHI S S.Progressive Damage Analysis in an Open Hole Compression of FRP Laminates Including Fiber Kinking and Pre-Existing Damage[J]. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2023, 169: 107523.
[6] PHAM D C, CUI X D, REN X, et al.A Discrete Crack Informed 3D Continuum Damage Model and Its Application for Delamination Migration in Composite Laminates[J]. Composites Part B: Engineering, 2019, 165: 554-562.
[7] HASHIN Z.Failure Criteria for Unidirectional Fiber Composites[J]. Journal of Applied Mechanics, 1980, 47(2): 329-334.
[8] HASHIN Z, ROTEM A.A Fatigue Failure Criterion for Fiber Reinforced Materials[J]. Journal of Composite Materials, 1973, 7(4): 448-464.
[9] PUCK A, SCHÜRMANN H. Failure Analysis of FRP Laminates by Means of Physically Based Phenomenological Models[J]. Composites Science and Technology, 2002, 62(12/13): 1633-1662.
[10] PINHO S T, DARVIZEH R, ROBINSON P, et al.Material and Structural Response of Polymer-Matrix Fibre- Reinforced Composites[J]. Journal of Composite Materials, 2012, 46(19/20): 2313-2341.
[11] 罗海波, 燕瑛, 孟祥吉, 等. 复合材料结构组件抗坠毁试验与渐进失效分析[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报, 2014, 40(12): 1719-1724.
LUO H B, YAN Y, MENG X J, et al.Progressive Failure Analysis and Crashworthiness Experiment for Composite Structural Discreteness[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2014, 40(12): 1719-1724.
[12] 林国伟, 李新祥. 复合材料壁板后屈曲分析失效准则的适用性研究[J]. 机械强度, 2020, 42(3): 565-572.
LIN G W, LI X X.Applicability Investigation of Failure Criterion for Post-Buckling Analysis of Stiffened Composite Panels[J]. Journal of Mechanical Strength, 2020, 42(3): 565-572.
[13] 贾斐, 杨成鹏, 宋远翔. 各向异性复合材料强度失效判据综述[J]. 力学学报, 2024, 56(4): 1006-1024.
JIA F, YANG C P, SONG Y X.Review on Strength Failure Criteria of Anisotropic Composite Materials[J]. Chinese Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 2024, 56(4): 1006-1024.
[14] 王强, 贾普荣, 张龙, 等. 碳纤维增强复合材料沉头螺栓连接失效分析[J]. 航空材料学报, 2020, 40(6): 59-70.
WANG Q, JIA P R, ZHANG L, et al.Failure Analysis of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Composite Countersunk Bolt Joint[J]. Journal of Aeronautical Materials, 2020, 40(6): 59-70.
[15] 於卫军, 王帅, 石玉红, 等. 基于Hashin-Puck准则的复合材料连接失效行为预测方法研究[J]. 宇航总体技术, 2025, 9(4): 39-45.
YU W J, WANG S, SHI Y H, et al.A Method for Predicting Failure Behavior in Composite Countersunk Bolt Connections Based on Hashin-Puck Criterion and Its Applications[J]. Astronautical Systems Engineering Technology, 2025, 9(4): 39-45.
[16] PINHO S T, ROBINSON P, IANNUCCI L.Developing a Four Point Bend Specimen to Measure the Mode I Intralaminar Fracture Toughness of Unidirectional Laminated Composites[J]. Composites Science and Technology, 2009, 69(7/8): 1303-1309.
[17] IWAMOTO M, NI Q Q, FUJIWARA T, et al.Intralaminar Fracture Mechanism in Unidirectional CFRP Composites: Part II: Analysis[J]. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, 1999, 64(6): 747-764.
[18] FALZON B G, APRUZZESE P.Numerical Analysis of Intralaminar Failure Mechanisms in Composite Structures. Part I: FE Implementation[J]. Composite Structures, 2011, 93(2): 1039-1046.
[19] Maimí P, Camanho P P, Mayugo J A, et al.A Thermodynamically Consistent Damage Model for Advanced Composites[R]. Washington: NASA, 2006.
[20] PINHO S T, ROBINSON P, IANNUCCI L.Fracture Toughness of the Tensile and Compressive Fibre Failure Modes in Laminated Composites[J]. Composites Science and Technology, 2006, 66(13): 2069-2079.
[21] JOSE S, RAMESH KUMAR R, JANA M K, et al.Intralaminar Fracture Toughness of a Cross-Ply Laminate and Its Constituent Sub-Laminates[J]. Composites Science and Technology, 2001, 61(8): 1115-1122.
[22] REINER J, FU Y F.Data-Driven Parameter Identification to Simulate Progressive Damage in Fiber Reinforced Laminates under Low Velocity Impact[J]. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 2023, 180: 104711.
[23] ASTM International.Standard Test Method for In-Plane Shear Response of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials by Tensile Test of a±45 Laminate: D3518/D3518M- 18[S]. West Conshohocken: ASTM International, 2018.
[24] ASTM International.Standard Test Method for Compressive Properties of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials Using a Combined Loading Compression (CLC) Test Fixture: ASTM D6641/D6641M-23[S]. West Conshohocken: ASTM International, 2023.
[25] ASTM International.Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials: ASTM D3039/D3039M-17[S]. West Conshohocken: AS- TM International, 2017.
[26] MATZENMILLER A, LUBLINER J, TAYLOR R L.A Constitutive Model for Anisotropic Damage in Fiber- Composites[J]. Mechanics of Materials, 1995, 20(2): 125-152.
[27] CAMANHO P P, DÁVILA C G. Mixed-Mode Decohesion Finite Elements for the Simulation of Delamination in Composite Materials:[R]. Hampton: NASA Langley Research Center, 2002
[28] DASSAULT SYSTÈMES SIMULIA CORP. Abaqus Analysis User’s Guide[EB/OL].(2016)[2026-06-10]. http://130.149.89.49:2080/v2016/index.html.
[29] LAPCZYK I, HURTADO J A.Progressive Damage Modeling in Fiber-Reinforced Materials[J]. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 2007, 38(11): 2333-2341.
[30] HYER M W, WHITE S R.Stress Analysis of Fiber-Reinforced Composite Materials[M]. 2nd ed. Lancaster: DE Stech Publications, Inc, 2009: 63-64.
[31] CHRISTENSEN R M.Tensor Transformations and Failure Criteria for the Analysis of Fiber Composite Materials[J]. Journal of Composite Materials, 1988, 22(9): 874-897.