Modeling and Simulation of Unloading System for Structural Strength Test Based on Sliding Mode Variable Structure Control

MU Bin

doi:10.7643/issn.1672-9242.2026.08.009

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Equipment Environmental Engineering ›› 2026, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (8) : 68-75. DOI: 10.7643/issn.1672-9242.2026.08.009

Special Topic——Comprehensive Environmental Strength Analysis and Testing Technology for Equipment

Modeling and Simulation of Unloading System for Structural Strength Test Based on Sliding Mode Variable Structure Control

MU Bin

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Abstract

The work aims to mitigate the risks of uncontrolled unloading, such as energy constraints and multi-channel coordination difficulties, during full-scale aircraft structural strength tests, which arise from substantial specimen deformation and emergency unloading operations, so as to ensure a safe and controlled unloading process. A controlled unloading system was developed by retrofitting the protection module of an electro-hydraulic servo actuator. A sliding-mode control strategy was introduced to handle system nonlinearities, parameter uncertainties, and energy limitations after unloading through formulating the integral sliding surface and the corresponding control law. Simulations showed that, compared with conventional PID control, the sliding mode variable structure controller restricted the instantaneous load impact during emergency unloading to -10.1% to 1.2% (PID: -9.5% to 4.5%) and reduced the maximum dynamic error within 5 s after unloading to -67.35 N (PID: -158.37 N), demonstrating better performance in both response speed and error suppression. The sliding mode variable structure control-based unloading system effectively ensures safe, reliable, and coordinated emergency unloading in structural strength testing. It offers clear advantages in reducing impact loads and improving control precision, fulfilling the requirements for practical engineering applications.

Key words

structural strength test / controlled unloading / sliding mode variable structure control / electro-hydraulic servo actuator / modeling and simulation / dynamic error

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MU Bin. Modeling and Simulation of Unloading System for Structural Strength Test Based on Sliding Mode Variable Structure Control[J]. Equipment Environmental Engineering. 2026, 23(8): 68-75 https://doi.org/10.7643/issn.1672-9242.2026.08.009

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